Wireless signaling system.



No. 717,769. PATENTBD MN. 6', 1903.

*H; SHOEMAKER.

WIRELESS SIGNALING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, 1902. N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET L Wan wow; d swvc'mi'oz A; g 1/7 M4;

2 a I @Hozwu PATBNTED JAN. 6, 1903. -H.-SHOEMAKER. WIRELESS SIGNALING SYS' IEM.

APPLICATION i'ILBD MAY 12. 1902.

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PATENTfO i HARRY snonMAnne, or PHILADELPHIA,.PENNSYhVANlA, nssieuon To MARIE v. assume AND THE oonsomon'rnn WIRELESS TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE COMPANY, or PHILADELPHIA," P NssY mAQ WiRELE- SS 'SIGNALING SYSTfiM.

srncirioarzoiv Applioatlon filedllsy 2. 902.

5 State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Wireless Signaling System, or

which the following is a specification.

My-invention relates to signaling between a plurality of stations by means of lectroraso diant energy impressed upon and transmitted through thenatural media. v 71 It relates particularly to the receiving a'pi par-ates in which is used a wave-responsive device or devices controlling the recording :5 apparatus indirectly through a transformer.

it consists, further, in means for completely shielding the .wave responsive device from the influence of nearby andpowerful I'fldlations comprising a' metallic case, in which is so located the wave-responsivedevice, a shield' edconnection through thew'alls of the casing,

and a plate in contactwitha connection fox-m ing a condenser with thewalls of the casing.

It comprises, f urther,a.waveeresponsive dec5 vice composed of iron and carbon and havingthe property of self-restoration.

' For description of my invention reference is to be had to'the accompanying drawings, in

which- 7 g Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the circults atthe receiving-station. Fig. 2 is a seclin'case. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the metallic case, showing theconnections through the, 35 walls thereof. Fig. 4 is an elevation i of a shield for a connection extending through the walls of the casing. Fig. dis a cross-sectional view of Fig. 4. Fig. 6'is a viewjof the con nection itself. -Fig.-.7 is an elevatioualiview o ottheiron and carbon wave-responsive device. Fig. 8 1s a-section of Fig-.77; Fig. 9isaside elevation of the receiving apparatus. 1 represents the usual aerial conductor at the receiving-station of .a wire'less signaling 45, system, which ;conneets" in" this instance throughthe parts? 2 of an inductance, which are joined through' the condenser. 3; The

lower terminafefthe inductance connects to earth-plate 4. v

5o 5 15a wave-responsive device comprising part'ofI-etters Pat'enf'No. 717,769, datedJ'anuary e, 1903.

sash No. 106,907. mamas.)

carbon blocks a, in slight grooves of restthe steel needles I); This-device-hasthe l property of responding with great sensitiveness to'electrical radiations collected by the aerial conductor 1 and requires no restoring means after it has altered its condition-due.

changed its resistanceit immediately resumes its normal stateupon the cessation of electricalwavesfl Y to received energy-that is,. after having 7 is the primary coil'of a transformer whose core is 8 and whose'secondary is represented 3119,, a

6 represents a-sou-rce ofenergy inseriesf 65.

with the primaryi? and the wave-responsive device 5, there being-normally a current from ssid'source through the lower half of inductance 2,;wave-responsive device 5,, upper'hal-f j of inductance-Zand primary coil 7. The

condenser-.3 prevents the short-circuiting ofsource-6 through the induct-arises 2 2. This condenser 3, however, is chosen-of suchdi-' mensionsas not to-interfere to any material amount with the electrical constants of the aerial conductor 1. Conductor 1-, taken in conjunction with the inductance 2 2', which in the preferred form of receiver form'together;

a conductorjsyntonic with the-transmitted waves, sothat there is a great dilferenceof potential exerted attheterminals of the waveresponsive device 5. Normally there is acurrent 05 certain magnitude" flowing through -theiprirnary 7and the device 5." Upon -.the reception of waves, however, and due to'the rise of potential at the terminals at '5 the cur rent through the primary 7 is-changed, and' during the period of'suchchan'ge' there is in- .duced in the secondary 9 .acurrentwhich passes in series through the coils 100i atel'ay and the electrolytic. cell 11. The cell 11 com prises-aluminium and carbon electrodes sub- I 'merged in a solution of potassium hydroxid. The purpose of this cell is to 'p'rolong and lsinooth out-the impulses induced inthe secondary 9. It appears, therefore, that only during changes,ofcurrent in the primary 7.

or,--in other. words, only during-changes in .thecondition'of wave responsiveg"device 5 is j a the re'lay'lO actuated. ,Therelay-tongue12 when in contact with 13' closes the circuit through source 14' and the recording device or other translating device 15. This arrangeinentpermits using a .much moresensitive relay than'ordinarilyan d",furthe rn1ore, gains the advantage that normally there is no curren'twlhttever through the relay which there 'wouitibegthowever, in thecase it the relay were to replace the primary 7. -With the type oiwave;responsive device described this arrangement .is particularly advantageous, for both-with. the-.carbon-iron combinations and the anticoherer combinations there is always a current-flowing through the wave-responsive device.

It is to be understood, however, that in placeof the wave-res onsive device e f'mayi use the ordinary fili gs-coherer with 'i ts taper controlled by the relay 10, the advantage in this arrangement being that with.

the cell 11 used in conjunction with the transformer ,there is a smoothing out of the nu,- merous impulses into something resembling very accurately the dots and dashes of a code,

' Between'plate 20 and wall16 is a metallic sheet 18 in'electrical connection with rod 23 and insulated by dielectric l7 and 19 from 16 1and'20, respectively. It is seen, therefore, that rod 23 isin a condenser-like relation with respect to the walls of the receptacle. Any radiations, therefore, tending to run into the interior of the casing 16 along the conductors connecting with 23 on the outside of'suc h casing will be entirely prevented from passing beyond plate 19, which from its relation to the walls 16 is similar to 'a'plate insulated from earth and near to earth. The oscillatime, therefore, stop at plate 19.

28 28 are also metallic connections extendingthrough the walls 16. and having at their ends the disks 27. .These rods 28 are housed in 'a metallic shell 25 and separated from said shell by the i'nsulat'ing-filling29; Opposite the end 27 is an opening 26 in the shell 25.

. A flange 31, integral with the shell 25, abuts of shell 25, insulation 29, and rod 28 extend,

against the walls 16, while the lower portion through a large opening in said wall16. On the inside of said wall and threaded upon the shell 25 is the nut'30, which secures said shell mechanicallyto the casing. On the inner end 4 of rod 28 are the nuts 32 and 33, forming a binding-post. Mounted outside of said casing upon 'thebase'38. of the instrument, upon' which is seen-red at 39 the relay and at 40 the .battery box, is a pair of electromag-nets 41 oneach sideof the casing 16. These magnets" when energized attract armature 42 in oppo-;

cannot pass.

sition to spring 43, which is adjustable by 'screw 44. At the .upper' end of armature 42 is secured the insulating-bracket 45, through which passes the screw 46, whose terminal extends,when it is desired to receive messages into the hole 26 in the shell 25, into contact with the disk 27, thus making connection from one screw 46 from the aerial conductor.

from a station, in which case armature 42 isattracted, resulting in a break of circuit between screws 46 and disks 27, thereby completely isolating the wave-responsive device within the metallic box 16 and preventing anywaves from entering to the same in virtue of the metallic shell 25, which has a small opening 26 only and through which waves In Fig. 7, 34 and 35 are blocks of carbon having slight concavities opposite each other in their inner faces, in which concavities rest the steel balls 36. The blocks 34 and 35 are secured to a suitable insulatingbase by screws passing througlrthe holes 37. In place of steel balls carbon balls may be used, in which case blocks 34 and 35 are steel. This device. has the same properties as described wave-responsive device, a source of energyin circuit with said device and the primary of a transformer, and a recording device controlled by the secondary of said transformer.

2. A wave-excluding means comprising a metallic wall, a connection through said wall and insulated therefrom, and an extension of said connection in condenser relation with said wall. v

'3. A wave-excluding means comprising a metallic Wall, a connection through said wall and insulated therefrom, a metal jacket out-- side said wall inclosing said connection, and a perforation in said jacket.

4. fIn asignaling system, a'wave responsiv device, a source of energy in circuit with said device. and the primary ofa transformer, a translating device controlled by the secondary of said transformer, and means for prolonging the currents ih the secondary circuit.

5. In a signaling system, a receiving-condoctor, an inductance in series therewith, a

of the transformer in a, ci renit with said we veresponsive device, and signal-producing the. secondary of said transformer.

. 6. In asigneling' system, awave-responsive ilevicem. circuitinciuding said device & source (if-energy and the primary of a transformer;

means actuated by the currents derived from signsl-iirq incing means in the seeondary cir-. I0 cmb of seid transformer, and an electrolytic cell in sald'secondary circuit; operating to prolong the impfllses inthe secondary circuit.

e HARR SHQEM'AK R.

q Witnesses:

D.. H. BRIERLEY,

EUGENE ZIEGLER. 

